Improvement in quartz-crushers



J. M. MAY.

Quartz Crusher.

Patented March 20, 1866.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN M. MAY, OF JANESVILLE, WISCONSIN.

IMPROVEMENT IN QUARTZ-CRUSHERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 53,3l9, dated March 20, 1866.

T0 all whom it may concem:

Be it known that I, JOHN M. MAY, of the city ofJanesville, in the county of Rock and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new and useful Machine for Orushing Quartz Rock, Iron, and other Ores, and for similar Purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters otreference marked thereon.

The nature of my invention consists in, first, parallel shafts with embossments or enlargements partly around the circumference chercot, for the purpose of lifting stamps by xneans of straps or bars attached to them, which straps pass between the embossments and are pressed by them as the shafts revolve, and are set free as the embossmcnts are passed second, parallel shafts with embossments thereon so placed {that no two contiguous stamps are lifted and set freeat the same time third, makin g shafts that have embossxuents thereon for lifting and setting free stamps for crushing quartz-rock, and for similar purposes, hollow or cylindrical; fourth, parallel solid shafts, to whioh are attached broken pulle vs for the purpose of lifting and setting free, by means of straps or their equivalent that pass between the pulleys, stamps for crushing rock, and for analogous purposes; fifth, a spring at the connection of a strap or its equivalent with a stamp, to relieve the shock and danger of abrasion or rending as a stamp or other heavy body is lifted from a state of inertia sixth, a spiral 5101: in the stem of a round stamp, t0 receive the point of a pin or projection extending from the frame-work of the machine, t0 revolve the stamp in the path of a horizontal circle; seventh, a hollow strap or bar, or its equivalent, to receive a spindle attached to a stamp to allow the stamp to revolve horizontally as it rises or falls in operating; eighth, a guide formed of two parts, that serve to keep in place a battery of stamps, and by which, when one part of the guide is removed, all the stamps are set free for removal to be repaired or for other purposes ninth, a general arran gement ofaframe, shafts, embossments or broken pulleys, straps, stamps, and guides for crushing quartz-rock and for similar purposes,

In the accompanying drawings the same letter of reference in each figure represents the same part.

Figurel is a perspective view of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a vertical view, also in perspective. Fig. 3 is a view of a strap the lower end of which is formed into a 100p, that incloses at its connection With a stamp a rubber or other suitable elastic spring, which spring yields somewhat as the power is applied to lift the stamp. Fig. 4 is a view of a round stamp with a spiral slot or groove, the upper end haviug a spindle extending longitudinally through a hollow strap or bar, so that the stamp may revolve horizontally as it rises or falls. Fig. 5 is a view of box-bearings for the shafts one of the bearings fixed to the frame and the ot-her movable. Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-sec tion, showing the hollow shafts With elastic embossments thereon and a strap between them. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a hollow shatt out through its conter. Fig. Sis a longitudinal section of a solid shaft with movable embossments or broken pulleys. Fig. 9 is a vertical crosssection of the same. Fig. 10 shows another form of a springas a convolute steel springat the connection of the stamp and strap, and is an equivalent of that shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 11 is a vertical section, showing the manner in which the guides are secured or retained in proper position to allow a stamp t0 rise and fall freely.

A A are the posts of .the frame, resting on base B, though I do not confine myself to any style of frame-work to receive the shafts and guides and other mechanism of the machine.

T is a girth connecting the posts, and also forms one-half of the guide, or the guide may be attached thereto, while T is the movable half of the guide, which is more particularly shown in Fig. 11, and which is kept in place by stationary hook h and lifting-110ch 2', and when removed allows the stamps K K K K and K to be removed for repair or other purposes; or the guides may be made separate and attached to the frame-work in any suitable manner to allow the stamps to fall freely without lateral pressure.

KKKKare square stamps or stcmsofstamps, to which may be attached at their lower ends shoes of chilled iron or otherwise, of any desired shape or size, while K in Figs. 1 and 4 is a round stamp or stem of a stamp that is caused. t0 revolve by means of a spiral slot,p, and pin 0. The end of the pin fits the slot and turns the starnp as it rises and falls, which revolving motion gives a grinding effect as well as a crushing one to the quartz-rock or ores or other substances underneath. T0 allow this revolving motion of the stamp the bar or strap H is made hoilow to receive the spindle P, Fig. 4. A cushion, 76, of rubber or other suitable elastic material at the upper end of the spindie, may serve substantially the same purpose as spring L in Fig. 3.

The starnps are lifted and set free by means of straps, as 1 I, I P, and H. attached to the upper ends of the stamps. The stra.ps extend upward and between the hollow shaits O, upon Which shafts are the cmbossmcnts F F F F and G, as seen in Figs. 1, 2, 6, and 7, ors0lid shafts S, with heads or broken pullcys, as R R, thereon, as seen in Figs. Baud 9. These broken pulleys are fastened on the solid shaft by keys f or set-screws 9, or in any suitable manner.

The strap 1 is a metallic or other rigid strap or bar that passes between elastic embossmonts, G G, ofrubber or other suitable material. (Represented in Figs. 1, 2, and 6.)

Straps I and I are designed to represent Ieather or rubber attached firm1y to the stamps and pass between metallic embossments F F.

Strap 1 in Figs. 1 and 3 is looped at its lower end and receives the spring L, of rubber or other suitable material, for the purpose of preventing the strap from being toru or rent from the staxnp, and also to prevent abrasion or wear ot the strap by the embossments during the operation of the machine in rapidly lifting and setting free heavy weights. The yielding of the spring as power sufficient to lift a great weight is applied prevents a sudden strain and remedies the difficulty. This object is also attained by the convolute spring L in Fig. 10, which has a stem, 9, extending downward from the strap 1 through the spring, the lower end of which has a nut, m, to retain the spring in position on the stem, while the upper end of the outside coil of the spring is met by a flangc inside of the upper end of the box or yokethat contains the spring, which box or yoke is on the upper end of the stamp.

A spiral or other suitable spring may be employed for the same purpose.

WVhen the spring shown by L in Fig. 3 is used extensions N from stamp K rcceive the 100 and spring and are connected by pin 0.

The bars (1 and bolts e, Figs. 1 and 3, may be used in forming the 100p, or the connections of the stamp, spring, and strap, or stamp, spring, and bar, may be made in any suitable manner.

The shaft O, having the belt-pulley E, has fixed box-bearings on the frame, while the other shaft, that is caused to revo1ve by means of gears D D, has movable box-bearings A, which are moved by means ofkeys a, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, or by means of set-screws, as

seen in Fig. 5, or may be moved to and from the belt-pulley shaft in any suitable manner.

By moving the shafts together, as described, or in any convenieut manner, the pressure of the cmbossments on the strap or bars is regalated with great precision, the intensity of which requires to be regulated by weight of stamp to be raised, or the pressure will be wholly removed by moving the shafts asuuder, which aliows one shaft t0 revolve while the other shaft and stamps cease moving.

The cmbossments F F F F (shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 7) may be cast With the shaft and the surface of the embossments and the bearings of the shafts made with accuracy to insure au even pressure ofthe embossments on the straps or bars. The embossment Gr is of rubber, leather, or other suitabie eiastic material to receive and operate against a metallic or rigid bar. lhe severa1 styles of stamps and attachmeuts thereto to be operated by the revo1ving shafts and embossmcnts show that any or all of them may be used in a battery, yct it is preterable that all the stamps and attachments in a battery be of the same style.

It is obvious as the belt-pulley shaft revolves in a right-hand direction the gears cause the other shaft t0 revolve in a left-hand direction, causing the strap or bar between the embossments t0 ascend, and by the gravity of the stamp attached to the strap or bar to fall as soon as the broken pulleys or embossments shall have revolved so far as to cease thcir pressure on the straps; and thus as the shafts revolve the stamps or other weigh ts are lifted and set free with greatrapidiby.

It is also obvious that the height the stamp is lifted depends upon the circular length of the embossment or broken pulley that presses the strap, yet this distance may be lessened by changing the gear so that one embossmentsurface passes, in revolving, a given distance before the surface of the embossment on the other shaft is reached, so as to give the pressure on the strap, and is set free as soon as the two surfaces cease to press the strap or bar.

The adjustabilty of the height or distance the stamp is raised is important, as when the rock to be crushed is soft, or for other reason a more rapid and lighter force of blow of the stamp is desired, or if the rock is hard a less rapid and heavicr force of blow is desired,which may be done by separating the gears, revolving one shaft as much as is desired, and throwing into gear again, or in any manner accomplish the object of giving a greater or less distance of pressure of the circular length of embossment or pulley on the strap or bar.

It will be observed that the height to which the stamp is raised is uniform, so that if the quartz-rock, 0re, or other substance prevents the stamp from descending to the bottom of the pan, trough, mortar, or vessel that contains it, the embossments or broken pulleys commence to operate at a lower part of the strap or bar, and thus raise the stamp the same height relatively as though the stamp reached the bottom of the pan or mortar, and the same force of blow is always attained, which is of great importance, as it crashes more rapidly. Also, it will be observed that the embossments may be placed on the shaft so that no two contiguous stamps shall fall together or consecutively. This gives an important advantage in preventing the material to be crushed from being gradnally accnmulated at one end of the pan.

Gonstructing shafts hollow, snbstantially as shown inFigs. 5 6, and 7. is much less in cost than when made solid, and gives snfficient diameter for the embossed portion thereof to make them entire, saving the expense of making" the shafts and embossments in separate pieces and connecting them together. The thickness of iron, when castings are used, shonld be as nearly the same at the portion composing the embossment as the other parts of the shaft, both for strength and safety in shrinking, as the iron cools after being cast.

I do not confine myself to any particular nnmber of embossxnents or stamps, though five is deemed a convenient nnmber in abattery, and each battery may be operated by an independentbelt or gear; or theshaft described as a beltshaft may form with other shafts a continuons lime from the point of applying the power.

Making embossments and shaft all of one piece of material lcssens the original cost and is less liable to get ont of repair than when made of separate pieces.

In a patent granted to L. M. Gilmore and J. M. Mas, dated September 11, 1860, a mode of lifting and setting free a rock-drill is described, wherein an elastic strap attached to the drill and operated by cams or broken pulleys is described; and I do not claim that device par se, or indepcndently of the manner hcrein described of using an elastic strap t0 lift and set froc weghts. Also, in a patent granted to John M. May, dated September 19, 1865, a broken pulley faced With rubber or other snitable elastic material, for operating a non-clastic strap or bar t0 lift and set froc a rockdrill, is described; and I do not claim herein, broadly, that device. Also, in same patent there is described a hollow bar operated by broken pulleys, that receives the stem or spindle of a rock-drill to allow the drill to revolve horizontally, and I do not herein claim that device independent of the manner herein described of applying and using it.

I an aware that springs to connect two bodies, t0 relieve from danger of inj ury when power is applied snddenly have becn used as the spring chat connects the railroad-car bnmper or coupling with the car, whereby a gradnal and cven strain is given as the power is applied; and I do not claim, broadly, connecting two bodies together with a spring, but only when the weight to be lifted is moved in a vertical direction by a sudden and repeated application of power as lifting a stamp from a state of inertia with great rapidity but What 1 do claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

A quartz-rock or other crnsher constrncted, substantially as described, so that the distance the stamp is raiscd above the substance to be crnshed is adjnstable, snbstantially as described, and that said distance as adjusted will be nniform and produce a n nifo1m force of blow upon a greater or less quantity of material to be crushed, substantiall y as described and set forth.

JOHN M. MAY. Witnesses:

S. A. HUDSON, CHARLES R. GIBBS. 

